Propanediol
Ingredient Type: Humectant, Solvent
Highlights
- Helps increase skin hydration
- Helps reduce moisture loss
- Functions as both a humectant and solvent
The Science
Propanediol is a humectant that helps attract and retain water in the skin. Research has shown that topical propanediol can increase skin hydration while also reducing water loss through the skin, helping maintain moisture over time.
But propanediol does more than provide hydration. It also functions as a solvent, helping dissolve other ingredients within a formula, and can enhance the skin penetration of certain ingredients. Just as importantly, propanediol can influence how a product feels on the skin. In formulations, it is valued for its light, smooth skin feel and its ability to help offset the tackiness that can come with humectants like glycerin. Research has also shown that combining propanediol with glycerin can improve hydration compared with propanediol alone. Together, these properties make propanediol useful for creating formulas that are both hydrating and pleasant to use.
Common Questions
Is propanediol the same as propylene glycol?
No. Although their names are similar, propanediol and propylene glycol are two different ingredients. They are structural isomers, meaning they share the same molecular formula, C₃H₈O₂, but have different molecular structures. Propylene glycol is 1,2-propanediol, with its two hydroxyl groups positioned on the first and second carbon atoms. Propanediol is 1,3-propanediol, with the hydroxyl groups positioned on the first and third carbons. This difference in structure gives the two ingredients distinct properties.
Where does propanediol come from?
Propanediol can be produced from both petrochemical and plant-based sources. Plant-derived propanediol is typically made by fermenting sugars from renewable plant sources. The propanediol used in Dermaphilic products is made through the fermentation of corn sugar and contains no added petroleum-derived ingredients.
Last Updated: September 21, 2026
References
Pinto, J. R., Silva, S. A. M., & Leonardi, G. R. (2024). Effects of 1,3-propanediol associated, or not, with butylene glycol and/or glycerol on skin hydration and skin barrier function. International Journal of Cosmetic Science, 46(1), 86–95.
Saxena, R. K., Anand, P., Saran, S., & Isar, J. (2009). Microbial production of 1,3-propanediol: Recent developments and emerging opportunities. Biotechnology Advances, 27(6), 895–913.
Scott, L. N., Fiume, M., Bergfeld, W. F., Belsito, D. V., Hill, R. A., Klaassen, C. D., Liebler, D. C., Marks, J. G., Shank, R. C., Slaga, T. J., Snyder, P. W., & Heldreth, B. (2024). Safety assessment of alkane diols as used in cosmetics. International Journal of Toxicology, 43(2_suppl), 70S–131S.